UNokutela Dube (1873 – 25 January 1917) wayengowesifazane wokuqala waseNingizimu Afrika ukusungula isikole. Wasungula iphephandaba Ilanga laseNatali, Ohlange Institute kanye neNatal Native Congress (umanduleli weSouth African Native National Congress) ngenkathi eshade noJohn Langalibalele Dube.
Bobabili balibangise eMelika lapho uNokutela echazwa njengowesifazane oqavile. Washona esahlukene nomyeni wakhe, owayenguMengameli ngaleso sikhathi owawuzoba yi-African National Congress. Isikole asisungula ngokuhlanganyela kwakuyindawo uNelson Mandela ayikhetha njengendawo yokuvota kwakhe kokuqala okhethweni.
Ngo-2017, uNokutela Dube waklonyeliswa ngokuhlonishwa okukhulu eNingizimu Afrika ngemva kokufa kwakhe - i-Order of the Golden Baobab - eminyakeni eyi-100 ngemva kokushona kwakhe. UNokutela Mdima wazalwa ngo-1873 emakholwa aguqukayo esiteshini semishini eNanda, eduze kweTheku. Kusukela ngo-1881 wafundiswa u-Ida Wilcox, owayeyingxenye yethimba lendoda nomfazi elaliqhuba lo msebenzi.
UNokutela wayengumfundi oyisihlabani futhi indaba ayibhala yashicilelwa edolobheni lakubo ka-Ida eMinnesota njengengxenye yombiko ojwayelekile ayewenza kwabezindaba. I-eseyi kaNokutela yasetshenziswa ukukhombisa ukuthi umsebenzi wawukhuthaza kanjani izingane ukuba zifunde isiNgisi. Esephumile eNanda Seminary School uMdima wasebenza njengothisha, washada noJohn Dube ngo-1894 eNanda. UJohn wayeyindodana kaJames Dube owayengumfundisi eNanda. Umbhangqwana wasuka eNingizimu Afrika ngo-April 1896 futhi waya eBrithani, walibangisa eNew York usuka eSouthampton ngoMeyi 1896. NgoNovemba indaba yabo yayibikwa yiNew York Tribune.
Umyeni wakhe kwakungeyena yedwa waseNingizimu Afrika omnyama owavakashela eNew York, kodwa uNokutela wayengajwayelekile ngoba wayengowesifazane. I-Los Angeles Times yayihlanganisa noNokutela ochungechungeni lwabo oluthi "Women of note" mhla ziyi-13 kuNhlolanja 1898. Amaphephandaba abethula njengoMnu.
UNkosikazi John Lindley Dube, uchaze indlela ababukeka ngayo, ingubo yakhe efika emaqakaleni kanye nesudi yomyeni wakhe enamabele amabili. (Leli gama elamukelwayo lalifana nelezithunywa zevangeli, uDaniel kanye noLucy Lindley, ababesungule umsebenzi waseNanda.) Ushintsho lokwethulwa ngokusobala lwenziwa ukuze kusizwe abafundi baseMelika ababengase bakuthole kunzima ukulibiza igama likaJohn eliphakathi.
Amaphepha abika ukuthi uNokutela uzofunda ukwenza ikhaya kanti umyeni wakhe uzoqeqeshelwa ukuba ngabefundisi. Umgomo wabo wawuwukuba “izithunywa zevangeli eziphumelelayo kwabahedeni”. Ngenkathi abakwaDube base-US bagqugquzelwa uthisha u-Booker T. Washington, kodwa ukuqeqeshwa kwabo okuyinhloko kwavela e-Union Missionary Training Institute lapho izithunywa zevangeli zobuKristu ezingama-30 kuya kwezingama-45 ezivela eYurophu, e-Asia, e-Australia, e-Arabia, futhi kulokhu, i-Afrika. wafunda.
Lesi sakhiwo saseBrooklyn sakwazi ukuba khona ngoba abefundisi noprofesa bazonikela ngesikhathi sabo. Ngenkathi eseMelika iBhodi Yemishini Yabesifazane yashicilela indaba yakhe ethi, Africa – The Story of My Life, ngo-1898.
Ngemva kokubuyela eNingizimu Afrika nokufundisa esikoleni esidala sikaDube eNanda baqala Ohlange High School. Bekungokokuqala kuleli ukusungulwa ngothisha abamnyama. Kwaba ngumyeni wakhe owanikezwa ithuba lokusebenzisa ipulazi elalithengwe umzala wakhe, kodwa kwaba izixhumanisi zikaNokutela zokubuyela kuMary Edwards, owayehola isikole sakhe esidala, okwasiza laba bashadikazi basungula ipulazi elaba isikole sobufundisi.
UNokutela Dube ubefundisa umculo, ukupheka, ukunakekela izindlu nokuthunga, ebuye acule adlale nezinsimbi zomculo wesintu ohambweni lokuqoqa imali. Ekanye nomyeni wakhe, babhale ngokuhlanganyela Amagama Abantu (Incwadi Yezingoma ZesiZulu), eyanyatheliswa ngo-1911.
Le ncwadi ithathwa njengengqopha-mlando ekwakhiweni kohlobo olusha lomculo wamakhwaya wesiZulu. AbakwaDube bachaze lezi zingoma zezwe njengezokuqala ukuhlanganisa amasiko esiZulu kanye nabase-Europe "Umphakathi Omnyama". Ukushicilelwa kokuqala kwale ncwadi kuqopha uJohn noNokutela njengababhali abahlanganyelwe ngobuningi besiZulu. UJohn uphuma kanye nje kulolu hlobo lwenkulumo esethulweni ukuze aveze ukuthi umculo uwumthwalo kaNokutela. UNokutela wayenamakhono omculo kodwa wayefunde ukucula kothisha ababili ngesikhathi eseMelika. UNokutela uchaze lokhu “njengokucula kangcono”. Ngaphandle kwezincwadi zakhe, abakwaDube basungula iphephandaba lokuqala lesiZulu/lesiNgisi elithi Ilanga laseNatali (ILanga LaseNatali) ngo-1903. AbakwaDube batuswa ngokwenza iculo elithi "Nkosi Sikelel iAfrika".
Ibe yingxenye yeculo lesizwe laseNingizimu Afrika ngemuva kokuthi ikhwaya ye-Ohlange Institute ilisebenzise. Ikhwaya yayidlala emhlanganweni weSouth African Native National Congress ngo-1912. Yahlatshelelwa ngemva komthandazo wokuvala, kwathi ngo-1925 yayizokwamukelwa njengehubo lokuvala elisemthethweni le-African National Congress.
Ukungatholi abantwana kukaNokutela noJohn Dube kubonakale kumkhombisa kabi uNokutela kanti uJohn wazala omunye wabafundi babo. UNokutela ebuntwaneni bakhe wayebhale ngokubaluleka nokulindela abantu bakubo ekutholeni abantwana. Kwabe sekusungulwa ikomiti elizophenya umyeni wakhe, kodwa abazange bathathe sinyathelo, uNokutela wazizwa ephoxekile. Umbhangqwana wahlukana cishe ngo-1914, futhi uNokutela wathuthela eTransvaal, lapho ashumayela khona ezindaweni zasemaphandleni ngaphambi kokuba agule isifo sezinso.
Wabuya wazohlala nomyeni wakhe eGoli, washona ngo-1917 eneminyaka engu-44. Umngcwabo wakhe wawuhanjelwe nguPixley ka Isaka Seme namanye amalungu aqavile eqembu elalizoba yi-African National Congress (ANC). Wangcwatshwa ethuneni elingaphawuliwe nenombolo eyireferensi eqala ngokuthi "CK", emele "Christian Kaffir". Kuthiwa uDube ugqugquzele uLillian Tshabalala nabanye ukuthi basungule inhlangano yeqembu ebizwa ngokuthi, “The Daughters of Africa”, eNatal ngo-1932, ihambisana neqembu labesifazane base-Afrika baseMelika.
Isikole asisungula ngokuhlanganyela nomyeni wakhe sikhethwe uNelson Mandela njengendawo ayefuna ukuyovota kuyo okokuqala okhethweni lokuqala lwentando yeningi eNingizimu Afrika. Nokho-ke igalelo likaNokutela emfundweni yaseNingizimu Afrika kanye nokukhula kwalokho okwakuzoba yi-African National Congress kwakungaziwa kahle.
Ucwaningo lwakamuva luveze ukuthi ukuhluleka kwakhe ukuthola abantwana noJohn Dube akubanga nesandla ekubhidlikeni komshado wabo kuphela kodwa kwakusho ukuthi indaba yakhe yaziwa kuphela ngezingane zokutholwa, abashana nabashana. Ngo-2012, uSolwazi Ch̩rif Keita waseCarleton College eNorthfield, eMinnesota, wenza ifilimu ekhuluma ngoNokutela Dube, Ukukhumbula uNokutela РUkhumbula uNokutela, wakhankasela ukuqwashisa ngomsebenzi wakhe. Kwamiswa itshe ethuneni lakhe ngemva kwalokho.